On a MacBook keyboard (no F5 like Windows), these work in most browsers (Safari, Chrome, Edge, Firefox).

Here’s a solid, straight-to-the-point text you can use (e.g., in a message, doc, or note): MacBook refresh shortcut

For a (bypass cache): Command (⌘) + Shift + R

On a MacBook, the browser refresh shortcut is:

For or desktop refresh: Command (⌘) + R (in a Finder window) or right-click → "Clean Up" (no universal desktop refresh like Windows).